A. not one, i.e. no one, none, used by Hom., Hes., and Pi. (who prefer οὔτις) only in neut. nom. and acc. οὐδέν, exc. in the phrase τὸ ὃν μένος οὐδενὶ εἴκων Il. 22.459, al.; οὐδείς is found in B. Fr. 28; but all genders and cases are common in all other writers, Hdt. 1.32,33, etc.: rare in pl., no set of persons or things, And. 1.23 (dub. cj.), X. Lac. 3.1; πρὸς οὐδένας τῶν Ἑλλήνων D. 18.23 (v.l.), cf. 19.31,66,312, 24.214, 27.7; οὐδένων εἰσὶ βελτίους, i.e. οὔ τινων ἄλλων, Id. 2.17 (cf. οὐδενὸς βελτίους Pl. Prt. 324d): dat. pl. οὐδέσιν Paus. 3.24.3; for another sense of the pl., v. infr. II.3.—In Ion. the pl. is usu. οὐδαμοί.

2. οὐ. ὅστις οὐ every one, Hdt. 3.72, etc.; οὐδὲν ὅ τι οὐ every, Id. 5.97; this came to be regarded as one word, so that οὐδείς passed into the same case as ὅστις, οὐδένα ὅντινα οὐ κατέκλασε Pl. Phd. 117d; οὐδενὸς ὅτου οὐ πάντων ἂν . . πατὴρ εἴην Id. Prt. 317c, cf. 323b; οὐδενὶ ὅτῳ οὐκ ἀποκρινόμενος Id. Men. 70c; so οὐ. ὃς οὐχὶ . . ὀνειδιεῖ S. OT 373; οὐδὲν γὰρ . . οὔτʼ αἰσχρὸν οὔτʼ ἄτιμόν ἐσθʼ, ὁποῖον οὐ . . οὐκ ὄπωπʼ ἐγώ Id. Ant. 4.

3. later οὐδὲν ὅ τι without οὐ, = nothing, οὐδὲν ὅ τι παρήσω Agath. Praef.p.137 D., al.

4. ὅστις οὐδείς not one, ἐτεθνήκεσαν δὲ αὐτῶν μὲν ἀμφὶ τοὺς τετρακοσίους, Ῥωμαίων δὲ ὅστις οὐδείς Id. 5.20.

II. naught, good for naught, ὦ νῦν μὲν οὐ. αὔριον δʼ ὑπέρμεγας Ar. Eq. 158, cf. E. Fr. 187.5; τὸ μὲν [γένος ἀνδρῶν] οὐδέν Pi. N. 6.3: freq. in neut., οὐδὲν εἰδώς knowing naught, Thgn. 141, E. Fr. 391; οὐκ ἄρʼ ᾔστην οὐδὲν ἄλλο πλὴν δάκνειν knew nothing save how to . . , Ar. Av. 19; οὐδὲν λέγειν to say naught, v. λέγω (B) III. 6; τὸ οὐδʼ οὐδέν the absolute nothing, Pl. Tht. 180a.

2. in neut., of persons, οὐδέν εἰμι S. Ph. 951, etc.; οὐδὲν εἶ Ar. Ec. 144; πρὸς τὸν οὐδέν E. Ph. 598; τὸ μηδὲν εἰς οὐδὲν ῥέπει Id. Fr. 532.2; ᾧ ἀνεμέσητον . . οὐδενὶ εἶναι Pl. Tht. 175e.

3. in pl., οὐδένες ἐόντες ἐν οὐδαμοῖσι ἐοῦσι Ἕλλησι being nobodies, Hdt. 9.58; ὄντες οὐδένες E. Andr. 700, cf. IA 371; ὁ μηδὲν ὢν κἀξ οὐδένων κεκλήσομαι dub. cj. in Id. Ion 594; οὐ γὰρ ἠξίου τοὺς μηδένας S. Aj. 1114.

4. with Preps., παρʼ οὐδὲν εἶναι Id. OT 983, etc.; παρʼ οὐδὲν ἄγειν, θέσθαι, Id. Ant. 35, E. IT 732; διʼ οὐδενὸς ποιεῖσθαι S. OC 584; ἐν οὐδενὸς εἶναι μέρει D. 2.18.

5. τὸ οὐδέν naught, zero, in Arith., Nicom. Ar. 2.6; used by Democritus as a name for Place, Arist. Fr. 208.

III. neut. οὐδέν as Adv., not at all, naught, ἄριστον Ἀχαιῶν οὐ. ἔτισεν Il. 1.412, cf. 24.370, Hdt. 5.34, Th. 8.22, etc.; so οὐδέν τι X. Mem. 1.2.42, etc.; οὐ. τι πάντως Hdt. 5.65: in answers, nothing, never mind, no matter, E. Med. 64, IT 781, Ar. Nu. 694; οὐδέν γε not at all, Id. Av. 1360, etc.; οὐδὲν μᾶλλον, οὐδὲν ἧσσον, οὐδὲν ὕστερος, v. μάλα II.5, ἥσσων III, ὕστερος A. I.

2. οὐδὲν ἄλλο ἤ, v. ἄλλος III. 2.

B. REMARKS: the more emphatic and literal sense, not even one, i.e. none whatever, belongs to the full form, οὐδὲ εἷς, οὐδὲ μία, οὐδὲ ἕν, which is never elided, even in Com. (v. Ar. Ra. 927, Lys. 1045 (lyr.), Pl. 138, 1115), but freq. has a Particle inserted between, cf. οὐδέ B. —Zen. (in EM 639.17) and others wrongly assume οὐδείς as a compd. not of οὐδέ and εἷς, but of οὐ and δείς (q. v.). (Later οὐθείς, q. v.)