LogeionPerseus analysis of ἄνδρες:
ἀνήρ (man): masc nom/voc pl
LSJ entry
ἀνήρ
ἀνήρ,
ὁ, ἀνδρός, ἀνδρί, ἄνδρα, voc. ἄνερ:
pl. ἄνδρες, -δρῶν, -δράσι [ᾰ], -δρας:
Aeol. dat. pl. ἄνδρεσι Alc. Supp. 14.8:
late nom. sg. ἄνδρας Cat.Cod.Astr. 7.109.7:
in Att. the Art. often forms a crasis with the Noun, ἁνήρ for ὁ ἀνήρ, τἀνδρός, τἀνδρί for τοῦ ἀνδρός, etc., ἅνδρες for οἱ ἄνδρες; the Ion. crasis is ὡνήρ, ὧνδρες, Hdt. 4.161,
134:
Ep. also ἀνέρα, ἀνέρος, ἀνέρι, dual ἀνέρε, pl. ἀνέρες, ἀνέρας, ἄνδρεσσι. [
Ep. Poets mostly use ᾱ in arsi, ᾰ in thesi; but in trisyll. forms with stem ἀνέρ- always ᾱ; so also Trag. in lyr., S. Tr. 1011,
OT 869.
But in Trag. senarians ᾰ always.] (
ἀ- in nom. by analogy; cf. Skt. nar- from I.-E. ner-, nṛ- from nṛ-, Gk. ἀνδρ- from ṇr-):—
A. man, opp. woman (
ἄνθρωπος being man as opp. to beast),
Il. 17.435,
Od. 21.323;
τῶν ἀνδρῶν ἄπαις without male children, Pl. Lg. 877e;
in Hom. mostly of princes, leaders, etc., but also of free men; ἀ δήμου one of the people, Il. 2.198,
cf. Od. 17.352;
with a qualifying word to indicate rank, ἀ. βουληφόρος Il. 2.61;
ἀ. βασιλεύς Od. 24.253;
ἡγήτορες ἄ. Il. 11.687.
II. man, opp. god, πατὴρ ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε ib.1.544,
al.; Διὸς ἄγγελοι ἠδὲ καὶ ἀνδρῶν ib.334,
cf. 403,
Hdt. 5.63,
etc.: most common in pl., yet sts. in sg., e.g. Il. 18.432:—freq. with a Noun added, βροτοί, θνητοὶ ἄ., Od. 5.197,
10.306;
ἄ. ἡμίθεοι Il. 12.23;
ἄ. ἥρωες ib.5.746:—also of men, opp. monsters, Od. 21.303:—of men in societies and cities, οὔτε παρʼ ἀνδράσιν οὔτʼ ἐν ναυσὶ κοίλαις Pi. O. 6.10;
and so prob., ἄλλοτε μέν τʼ ἐπὶ Κύνθου ἐβήσαο . ., ἄλλοτε δʼ ἂν νήσους τε καὶ ἀνέρας . . h.Ap. 142.
III. man, opp. youth, unless the context determines the meaning, as in οὔ πως ἔστι νεωτέρῳ ἀνδρὶ μάχεσθαι ἄνδρα γέροντα Od. 18.53;
but ἀ. alone always means a man in the prime of life, esp. warrior, ἀ. ἕλεν ἄνδρα Il. 15.328;
so ἀ. ἀντʼ ἀνδρὸς ἐλύθησαν Th. 2.103;
the several ages are given as παῖς, μειράκιον, ἀ., πρεσβύτης X. Smp. 4.17;
εἰς ἄνδρας ἐγγράφεσθαι, συντελεῖν, D. 19.230,
Isoc. 12.212;
εἰς ἄνδρας ἀναβῆναι BMus.Inscr. 898;
in Inscrr. relating to contests, opp. παῖδες, IG 22.1138.10,
etc. 1. joined with titles, professions, etc., ἰητρὸς ἀ. Il. 11.514;
ἀ. μάντις, ἀ. στρατηγός, Hdt. 6.83,
92 (dub.); ἀ. νομεύς S. OT 1118;
ἄνδρες λοχῖται, λῃσταί, ἀσπιστῆρες, ib.751,
842,
Aj. 565;
esp. in disparagement, κλῶπες ἄ. E. Rh. 645;
ἀ. δημότης S. Ant. 690;
with names of nations, as Φοίνικες ἄ. Hdt. 4.42;
ἀ. Θρῇξ E. Hec. 19,al.; esp. in addresses, ἄ. ἔφοροι Hdt. 9.9;
ἄ. πολῖται S. OT 513;
ἄ. δικασταί D. 21.1,
etc.; ὦ ἄνδρες gentlemen of the jury, Antipho 1.1,
Lys. 1.1,
etc.; ὦ ἄ. Ἀθηναῖοι Id. 6.8,
etc.: hence in Comedy, ἄ. ἰχθύες Archipp. 29;
ἄ. θεοί Luc. JTr. 15;
ὦ ἄ. κύνες Ath. 4.160b.
2. ὁ ἀνήρ, by crasis Att. ἁνήρ, Ion. ὡνήρ, is freq. used emphatically for αὐτός, ἐκεῖνος Ar. V. 269,
prob. in Pl. Sph. 216b,
etc.: sts. so in oblique cases without the Art., S. Tr. 55,
109,
293,
etc.; but not in Prose.