4.4.1
Logeion
Perseus analyses of ὁρόων:
ὁράω (I know): pres part act masc voc sg (epic)
ὁράω (I know): pres part act neut nom/voc/acc sg (epic)
ὁράω (I know): pres part act masc nom sg (epic)
ὁράω (I know): imperf ind act 3rd pl (epic)
ὁράω (I know): imperf ind act 1st sg (epic)
LSJ entry
ὁράω
ὁράω
,
contr.
ὁρῶ
even
in
Il. 3.234
,
Ep.
ὁρόω
5.244
,
etc.;
Aeol.
ὄρημι
(q.
v.);
Ion.
ὁρέω
Hdt. 1.80
,
etc.,
2
sg.
ὁρῇς
Herod. 2.67
,
al.,
3
sg.
ὁρῇ
Hp. Carn. 17
,
Vid.Ac.
I;
inf.
ὁρῆν
Democr. 11
,
Hp. Carn. 2
(but
2
sg.
ὁρᾷς
Archil. 87
, 3
sg.
ὁρᾷ
Semon. 7.80
,
cf.
κατορᾷ
Hdt. 2.38
; 1
pl.
ὁρῶμεν
Id. 5.40
; 3
pl.
ὁρῶσι
(
ἐπ-
)
Id. 1.124
;
inf.
ὁρᾶν
ib.
33
,
2.64
):
the
forms
ὁρῇς,
ὁρῇ,
ὁρῆν
(exc.
when
found
in
Dor.
,
as
IG
42(1).122.2, 15,47
(Epid.,
iv
B.
C.
);
impf.
3
sg.
ἑώρη
ib.28,70)
seem
to
imply
ὁρή-ω
(cf.
ὄρημι
),
but
ὁρᾷ,
ὁρῶμεν,
ὁρῶσι,
etc.
imply
ὁρᾰ-ω
:
Att.
impf.
ἑώρων
Th. 1.51
,
Ar. Pl. 713
,
Nu. 354
, (
ἐ-
)
SIG
344.110
(Teos,
iv
B.
C.
);
Ion.
3
sg.
ὥρα
Hdt. 1.11
,
3.72
, 1
pl.
ὡρῶμεν
(v.l.
ὁρῶμεν)
Id. 2.131
,2
pl.
ὡρᾶτε
Id. 7.8
.
βʼ,
3
pl.
ὥρων
Id. 4.3
,
etc.;
Ep.
3
sg.
ὅρα
Il. 16.646
,
cf.
ὄρημι
:
pf.
ἑόρᾱκα,
a
form
required
by
the
metre
in
many
passages,
as
Ar. Th. 32
,
33
,
Av. 1573
,
Pl. 98
,
1045
,
Eup. 181.3
,
Alex. 272.1
,
Men. Epit. 166
,
Pk. 270
,
Bato 5.11
,
etc.,
whereas
the
metre
never
requires
ἑώρακα
;
whence
ἑόρακα,
-άκη
ought
always
to
be
restored
in
early
Att.
writers,
though
ἑώρακα
was
used
in
later
Gr.,
PPetr. 2p.55
(iii
B.
C.)
,
SIG
685.74
(ii
B.
C.)
,
UPZ 119.43
(ii
B.
C.)
,
cf.
Theognost.
Can.
150 (
ἑώρακε<ν>
is
prob.
in
Men. 5
D.
):
ἑωρ-
in
the
impf.
prob.
comes
from
ἠ-
ϝορ-
(with
a
long
form
of
the
augment,
cf.
ἠειδ-
(
ᾐδ-
)
in
impf.
of
οἶδα,
while
ἑορ-
in
the
pf.
comes
from
ϝε-ϝορ-,
v.
infr.:
Ion.
pf.
ὁρώρηκα
Herod. 4.77
,
al.,
also
ὥρηκα
ib.
40
;
Dor.
pf.
part.
ὡρακυῖα
IG
42(1).122.6
(Epid.,
iv
B.
C.
); 1
sg.
ὥρακα
Baillet
Inscr.
des
tombeaux
des
rois
1210:
an
aor.
1
ἐσορήσαις
only
f.l.
in
Orph. Fr. 247.16
:—
Med.
ὁράομαι,
contr.
ὁρῶμαι
even
in
Il. 13.99
;
Ep.
2
sg.
ὅρηαι
Od. 14.343
(v.
ὄρημι
):
impf.
ἑωρώμην,
also
ὡρώμην
(
προ-
)
Act.Ap. 2.25
,
Ep.
3
sg.
ὁρᾶτο
Il. 1.56
:—
Pass.
,
pf.
ἑώραμαι
Isoc. 15.110
,
D. 54.16
:
aor.
ἑωράθην
only
in
late
Prose,
D.S. 20.6
;
inf.
ὁρᾱθῆναι
Arist. MA 699b19
,
Pl. Def. 411b
,
Luc. Jud.Voc. 6
,
etc.:
fut.
ὁραθήσομαι
Gal. UP 10.12
:
verb.
Adj.
ὁρᾱτός,
ὁρᾱτέον
(qq.
v.).—
Hom.
uses
contr.
forms,
as
ὁρῶ,
ὁρᾷς,
ὁρᾷ,
ὅρα,
ὁρᾶν,
ὁρῶν,
ὁρῶμαι,
ὁρᾶται,
ὁρᾶσθαι,
ὁρώμενος,
as
well
as
lengthd.
Ep.
ὁρόω,
ὁράᾳς,
ὁράασθαι,
ὁρόων,
2
pl.
opt.
ὁρόῳτε
Il. 4.347
,
etc.
;
besides
these
forms
from
ὁρα-
(
ὁρη-
)
we
have
II.
from
root
ὀπ-
(v.
ὄψ
)
the
only
fut.
in
use,
ὄψομαι,
always
in
act.
sense,
Il. 24.704
,
and
Att.
,
Ep.
2
sg.
ὄψεαι
8.471
,
Od. 24.511
:
a
rare
aor.
1
ἐπ-όψατο
in
Pi. Fr. 88.6
(for
ἐπιώψατο,
v.
ἐπιόψομαι);
subj.
ὄψησθε
Ev.Luc. 13.28
(where
the
v.l.
ὄψεσθε
may
be
right):
pf.
ὄπωπα
Il. 6.124
,
Od. 21.94
,
Emp. 109
,
Hdt. 3.37
,
63
,
Hp. Art. 1
,
Carn. 17
;
Trag.
and
Com.,
as
A. Eu. 57
,
S. Ant. 6
,
al.,
Ar. Lys. 1157
,
1225
,
never
in
Att.
Prose:
plpf.
3
sg.
ὀπώπει
Od. 21.123
,
ὀπώπεε
Hdt. 5.92.ζʹ
;
ὀπώπεσαν
Id. 7.125
:—
Pass.
,
aor.
1
ὤφθην
S. Ant. 709
,
E. Hec. 970
,
Th. 4.73
,
etc.
;
opt.
(
Ion.
)
ὀφθείησαν
Hdt. 8.7
;
part.
ὀφθείς,
inf.
ὀφθῆναι,
Id. 1.9
,
10
(for
ἐπι-οφθέντας,
v.
ἐπιόψομαι):
fut.
ὀφθήσομαι
S. Tr. 452
,
E. HF 1155
,
And. 2.10
,
Lys. 3.34
:
pf.
ὦμμαι
Is. Fr. 165
,
ὦψαι
D. 18.263
,
ὦπται
A. Pr. 998
,
D. 24.66
;
cf.
ὀπτέον.
III.
from
ϝιδ-
are
formed
aor.
Act.
εἶδον,
inf.
ἰδεῖν
:
aor.
Med.
εἰδόμην,
inf.
ἰδέσθαι
:
pf.
with
pres.
sense
οἶδα
I
know,
inf.
εἰδέναι
:
verb.
Adj.
ἰστέος
(for
these
tenses,
v.
οἶδα).
(
ὁρ-
prob.
from
ϝορ-,
as
indicated
by
the
impf.
and
pf.
forms
;
cf.
βῶροι
(i.e.
ϝῶροι
),
Engl.
(
a)ware.
)
A.
Senses:
I.
abs.,
see,
look,
freq.
in
Hom.
;
εἴς
τι
or
εἴς
τινα
to
or
at
a
thing
or
person,
Il. 24.633
,
Od. 20.373
,
al.,
E. Fr. 607
;
εἰς
τὸν
πράττοντα
Arist. Po. 1460a14
:—
Med.
,
Od. 5.439
,
Hes. Op. 534
,
Fr. 188
;
but
ἔς
τινα
ὁρᾶν
to
be
of
so-and-soʼs
party,
Philostr. VS 1.18
;
εἰς
τὴν
Ἀττάλου
καθαίρεσιν
εἶδεν
aimed
at
. . ,
Zos. 6.12
;
for
κατʼ
αὐτοὺς
αἰὲν
ὅρα
Il. 16.646
,
Τροίην
κατὰ
πᾶσαν
ὁρᾶται
24.291
,
cf.
καθοράω
II
;
ὁρόων
ἐπʼ
ἀπείρονα
πόντον
looking
over
the
sea,
1.350
;
ὁρᾶν
πρός
τι
look
towards,
ἀκρωτήριον
τὸ
πρὸς
Μέγαρα
ὁρῶν
Th. 2.93
,
cf.
AP 7.496
(
Simon.
,
cj.)
;
πρὸς
πλοῦν
ὁρᾷ
looks
to
sail
(i.e.
is
ready),
E. IA[1624]
;
ὁ.
ἐπὶ
τὴν
προδοσίαν
D.S. 36.3
;
πρὸς
σπονδάς
Id. 33.1
.
2.
have
sight,
opp.
μὴ
ὁρᾶν,
to
be
blind,
S. Aj. 84
;
ὅσʼ
ἂν
λέγωμεν,
πάνθʼ
ὁρῶντα
λέξομεν
[though
I
am
blind,]
my
words
shall
have
eyes,
i.e.
shall
be
to
the
purpose,
Id. OC 74
;
ἐν
σκότῳ
.
.
οὓς
μὲν
οὐκ
ἔδει
ὀψοίαθʼ,
i.e.
should
be
blind,
Id. OT 1274
;
ἀμβλύτερον
ὁ.,
opp.
ὀξύτερον
βλέπειν,
Pl. R. 596a
;
ἐπὶ
σμικρὸν
ὁ.
to
be
short-
sighted,
Id. Tht. 174e
;
ὁ.
βραχύ
τι
Id. R. 488b
.
3.
see
to,
look
to,
i.e.
take
or
give
heed,
Il. 10.239
;
ὁ.
εἰς
γλῶσσαν
.
.
ἀνδρός
look
to,
pay
heed
to,
Sol. 11.7
,
cf.
A. Supp. 104
(lyr.):
freq.
in
imper.,
like
βλέπε,
folld.
by
a
dependent
clause,
ὅρα
ὅπως
.
.
Ar. Ec. 300
,
cf.
Th. 5.27
;
ὅρα
εἰ
.
.
see
whether
. . ,
A. Pr. 997
,
Pl. Phd. 118
,
etc.;
also
ὅρα
μὴ
.
.
S. Ph. 30
,
519
,
etc.;
ὅρα
τί
ποιεῖς
ib.
589
;
πῶς
.
.
ὑπερδικεῖς,
ὅρα
A. Eu. 652
.
4.
ὁρᾷς
;
ὁρᾶτε
;
seeʼst
thou?
dʼye
see?
parenthetically,
esp.
in
explanations,
Ar. Nu. 355
,
Th. 490
,
etc.;
ὡς
ὁρᾷς
S. El. 1114
,
Tr. 365
;
also
ὁρᾷς
;
at
the
beginning
of
a
sentence,
Id. El. 628
,
E. Andr. 87
;
ἀλλʼ—ὁρᾷς
;
but,
do
you
see
. . ?,
Pl. Prt. 336b
;
ὁρᾷς
οὖν
.
.
ὅτι
Id. Grg. 475e
;
οὐχ
ὁρᾷς
;
ironically,
D. 18.232
.
5.
c.
acc.
cogn.,
like
βλέπω
II,
look
so
and
so,
δεινὸν
ὁρῶν
ὄσσοισι
Hes. Sc. 426
;
ὁρᾶν
ἀλκάν
Pi. O. 9.111
;
ἔαρ
ὁρόωσα
Νύχεια
Theoc. 13.45
;
also
ἡδέως
ὁρᾶν
look
pleasant,
E. IA 1122
:
c.
acc.,
κακῶς
ὁρᾶν
τινα
Philostr. VA 7.42
.
II.
trans.,
see
an
object,
behold,
perceive,
observe,
c.
acc.,
freq.
in
Hom.
,
etc.:
pf.
ὄπωπα
exclusively
in
this
sense,
Il. 2.799
,
Od. 21.94
,
etc.
;
ὀφθαλμοῖσιν
or
ἐν
ὀφθαλμοῖσιν
ὁρᾶν
to
see
with
or
before
the
eyes,
Il. 24.392
,
Od. 8.459
,
etc.
;
αἰεὶ
τέρμʼ
ὁρόων
always
keeping
it
in
sight,
keeping
his
eye
on
it,
Il. 23.323
;
φίλως
χʼ
ὁρόῳτε
καὶ
εἰ
δέκα
πύργοι
Ἀχαιῶν
.
.
μαχοίατο,
i.e.
δέκα
πύργους,
εἰ
μαχοίατο,
4.347
;
ὁ.
τινά
look
to
(for
aid),
D. 45.64
:
in
signfs.
I
and
II
combined,
οὐχ
ὁρᾷς
ὁρῶν
τάδε
;
A. Ag. 1623
,
cf.
D. 25.89
.
b.
ζώει
καὶ
ὁρᾷ
φάος
ἠελίοιο,
poet.
for
ζῆν,
like
βλέπειν,
Il. 18.61
,
Od. 4.833
,
etc.;
so
φῶς
ὁρᾶν
S. OT 375
,
E. Or. 1523
,
Alc. 691
:—
in
Med.
,
φέγγος
ὁρᾶσθαι
Id. Andr. 113
(eleg.);
so
ὁρᾶν
alone,
τὰ
γὰρ
φθιτῶν
τοῖς
ὁρῶσι
κόσμος
Id. Supp. 78
(lyr.).
c.
folld.
by
a
clause,
οὐχ
ὁράᾳς
οἷος
.
.
;
Il. 21.108
;
ὁρᾷς
ἡμᾶς,
ὅσοι
ἐσμέν
;
Pl. R. 327c
;
οὐχ
ὁρᾷς
ὅτι
ἥμαρτες
;
A. Pr. 261
,
cf.
325
,
951
;
Διὸς
.
.
οὐχ
ὁρῶ
μῆτιν
ὅπᾳ
φύγοιμʼ
ἄν
ib.
906
(lyr.);
ἴδεσθέ
μʼ
οἷα
.
.
πάσχω
ib.
92
.
d.
c.
part.
,
καπνὸν
.
.
ὁρῶμεν
ἀπὸ
χθονὸς
ἀΐσσοντα
we
see
it
rising,
Od. 10.99
;
ὁρῶν
ἐμαυτὸν
ὧδε
προυσελούμενον
seeing
myself
thus
insulted,
A. Pr. 438
,
cf.
70
,
384
,
al.;
ὁρῶ
σε
κρύπτοντα
.
.
see
you
hiding
. . ,
E. Hec. 342
;
so
ὁρῶ
μʼ
ἔργον
ἐξειργασμένην
I
see
that
I
have
done,
S. Tr. 706
;
cf.
infr.
4b
;
rarely
in
reference
to
the
subject,
ὁρῶ
μὲν
ἐξαμαρτάνων
(=
ὅτι
ἐξαμαρτάνω
)
E. Med. 350
:—so
in
Med.
,
ἄνδρα
διωκόμενον
.
.
ὁρῶμαι
Il. 22.169
,
cf.
A. Pr. 896
(lyr.):
also
c.
inf.
,
ἑώρων
οὐκέτι
οἷόν
τε
εἶναι
.
.
Th. 8.60
.
e.
rarely
c.
gen.,
οὐδεὶς
Σωκράτους
οὐδὲν
ἀσεβὲς
.
.
οὔτε
πράττοντος
εἶδεν
οὔτε
λέγοντος
ἤκουσεν
(where
the
Constr.
is
suggested
by
the
use
of
ἤκουσεν
)
X. Mem. 1.1.11
;
μέχρι
βορῆος
ἀπαστράψαντος
ἴδηαι
Arat. 430
.
2.
see
to,
ἴδε
πῶμα
Od. 8.443
;
look
out
for,
provide,
τινί
τι
S. Aj. 1165
(anap.),
Theoc. 15.2
;
πρόβατον
εἰς
ὁλοκάρπωσιν
LXX Ge. 22.8
.
3.
the
inf.
is
used
after
an
Adj.
,
δεινὸς
ἰδεῖν
Sol. 13.6
;
εὐφεγγὴς
ἰδεῖν
A. Pers. 387
,
cf.
398
,
Ch. 174
,
176
,
al.
(cf.
ὁράω
εἶδον
A.I.1
a)
;
ἐχθίστου
.
.
ὁρᾶν
most
hateful
to
behold,
S. Aj. 818
;
ὦ
πάτερ
δύσμοιρʼ
ὁρᾶν
Id. OC 327
;
ὁρᾶν
στυγνὸς
ἦν
X. An. 2.6.9
:—
Med.
or
Pass.
,
αἰσχρὸς
ὁρᾶσθαι
Id. Cyn. 3.3
:
with
an
Adv.
,
μὴ
διχορρόπως
ἰδεῖν
A. Ag. 349
:
with
a
Subst.
,
ἄνδρα
τευχηστὴν
ἰδεῖν
Id. Th. 644
:
with
a
Verb,
πρέπουσι
.
.
ἰδεῖν
Id. Supp. 720
,
cf.
S. OT 792
.
4.
Med.
is
used
by
Poets
like
Act.
,
Il. 13.99
,
A. Pers. 179
,
Ch. 407
(lyr.),
S. Ant. 594
(lyr.),
Tr. 306
,
Cratin. 138
,
etc.,
v.
supr.
II.1
b,
c:
but
in
Prose
Med.
occurs
only
in
compds.,
as
προ-ορῶμαι
:
for
the
imper.
ἰδοῦ,
ἰδού,
v.
ἰδοῦ.
b.
no
Pass.
is
used
by
Hom.
;
in
Att.
the
Pass.
has
the
sense
to
be
seen,
A. Pr. 998
,
Eu. 411
,
etc.:
c.
part.
,
ὤφθημεν
ὄντες
ἄθλιοι
was
seen
in
my
wretchedness,
E. IT 933
;
ὀφθήσεται
διώκων
he
will
prove
to
be
. . ,
Pl. Phdr. 239c
,
cf.
Smp. 178e
;
τὰ
ὁρώμενα
all
that
is
seen,
things
visible,
like
τὰ
ὁρατά,
Id. Prm. 130a
.
III.
metaph.,
of
mental
sight,
discern,
perceive,
S. El. 945
,
etc.;
so
blind
Oedipus
says,
φωνῇ
γὰρ
ὁρῶ,
τὸ
φατιζόμενον
I
see
by
sound,
as
the
saying
is,
Id. OC 138
(anap.);
ἂν
οἴνου
.
.
ὀσμὴν
ἴδωσιν
Alex. 222.4
;
cf.
supr.
I.4,
δέρκομαι
I.2.
IV.
abs.,
see
visions,
ὁ
ἀληθινῶς
ὁρῶν
LXX Nu. 24.3
,
15
:—
Pass.
,
appear
in
a
vision,
ὤφθη
ἄγγελος
πρὸς
τὴν
γυναῖκα
ib.
Jd. 13.3
.
V.
interview,
ἐμνήσθης
μοι
ἰδεῖν
τὸν
κεραμέα
περὶ
τῶν
κεραμίων
you
told
me
to
see
the
potter
about
the
jars,
PCair.Zen. 264
(iii
B.C.)
.